SLC16: The monocarboxylate transporter family

Human Gene Name

Protein Name

Aliases

Predominant Substrates

Transport type /Coupling ions

Tissue distribution and cellular/ subcellular expression

Link to disease ^#

Human gene locus

Sequence Accession ID

Splice variants and their specific features

SLC16A1

MCT1

Lactate, pyruvate, ketone bodies

C / H⁺ or E / monocarboxylate

Ubiquitous

Muscle weakness (exercise intolerance)^G

1p13.2

NM_003051

SLC16A2

MCT8

XPCT

(*was MCT7)

T3, T4 (unpublished)

F

Liver, heart, brain, thymus, intestine, ovary, prostate, pancreas, placenta

Xq13.2

NM_006517

SLC16A3

MCT4

(*was MCT3)

Lactate, pyruvate, ketone bodies

C / H⁺

Skeletal muscle, chondrocytes, leukocytes, testis, lung, placenta, heart

17q25.3

NM_004207

SLC16A4

MCT5

(*was MCT4)

O

Brain, muscle, liver, kidney, lung, ovary, placenta, heart

1p13.3

NM_004696

SLC16A5

MCT6

(*was MCT5)

O

Kidney, muscle, brain, heart, pancreas, prostate, lung, placenta

17q25.1

NM_004695

SLC16A6

MCT7

(*was MCT6)

O

Brain, pancreas, muscle

17q24.2

NM_004694

SLC16A7

MCT2

Pyruvate, lactate, ketone bodies

C / H⁺

Kidney, brain

12q14.1

NM_004731

SLC16A8

MCT3

REMP

Lactate

C / H⁺ (pH dependent but cotransport not confirmed experimentally)

Retinal pigment epithelium, choroid plexus

22q13.1

NM_013356

SLC16A9

MCT9

O

Endometrium, testis, ovary, breast, brain, kidney, adrenal, retina

10q21.2

NM_194298

SLC16A10

TAT1

Aromatic amino acids (W, Y, F, L-Dopa)

F

Kidney, intestine, muscle, placenta, heart

6q21-q22

NM_018593

SLC16A11

MCT11

O

Skin, lung, ovary, breast, lung, pancreas, retinal pigment epithelium, choroid plexus

17p13.2

NM_153357

SLC16A12

MCT12

O

Kidney

10q23.3

NM_213606

SLC16A13

MCT13

O

Breast, bone marrow stem cells

17p13.1

NM_201566

SLC16A14

MCT14

O

Brain, heart, ovary, breast, lung, pancreas retinal pigment epithelium, choroid plexus

2q36.3

NM_152527

*)
C: Cotransporter
E: Exchanger
F: Facilitated transporter
O: Orphan transporter

#)
A: Acquired defect
G: Genetic defect
P: Pseudogene