SLC7:
The cationic amino acid transporter/glycoprotein-associated
family
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Human Gene
Name
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Protein
Name
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Aliases
[assoc. with]
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Predomi-nant Substrates
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Transport type /Coupling ions *)
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Tissue distribution and cellular/ subcellular expression
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Link to disease #)
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Human gene locus
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Sequence
Accession
ID
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Splice variants and their specific features
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SLC7A1
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CAT-1
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ATRC1
ERR1
REC11
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Cationic L-amino acids
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F2
(non-obligat. E)
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Ubiquitous except for liver, plasma and intracellular membranes,
in epithelial cells basolateral
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-
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13q12-q14
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NM_003045
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SLC7A2
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CAT-2 (A or B)
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TEA
ATRC2
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Cationic L-amino acids
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F2
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CAT-2A: liver, skeletal muscle, pancreas
CAT-2B: inducible in many cell types
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-
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8p22-21.3
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NM_003046
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CAT-2A: low affinity
CAT-2B: high affinity
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SLC7A3
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CAT-3
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ATRC3
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Cationic L-amino acids
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F2
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thymus, ovary, testis, brain
(neurons) plasma membrane
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-
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Xq12
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NM_032803
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SLC7A3P
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-
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-
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-
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P
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placenta
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-
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19q13.42
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XM_115611
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SLC7A4
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CAT-4
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unknown
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O
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brain, testis, placenta plasma and intracellular membranes
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-
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22q11.21
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NM_004173
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SLC7A5
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LAT1
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[assoc. with 4F2hc]
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large neutral
L-amino acids, T3, T4, L-dopa, BCH (system
L)
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E (similar intra- and extracellular selectivities, low
intracellular apparent affinity)
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brain, ovary, testis, placenta, blood-brain barrier, fetal
liver, activated lymphocytes, tumor cells; lower expression
in many other tissues/ plasma membrane
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-
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16q24.3
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NM_003486
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SLC7A6
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y+LAT2
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[assoc. with 4F2hc]
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Na+ indep.:
cationic amino acids;
Na+ depen.:
large neutral L-amino acids (system y+L)
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E (preferentially intracellular cationic amino acid against
extracellular neutral amino acid + Na+)
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brain, small intestine, testis, parotis, heart, kidney,
lung, liver/ basolateral in epithelial cells
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-
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16q22.1-16q22.2
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NM_003983
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| SLC7A6OS |
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FLJ13291 |
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16q22.1 |
NM_032178 |
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SLC7A7
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y+LAT1
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[assoc. with 4F2hc]
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Na+ indep.:
cationic amino acids;
Na+ depen.:
large neutral L-amino acids (system y+L)
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E (preferentially intracellular cationic amino acid against
extracellular neutral amino acid + Na+)
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small intestine, kidney, leucocytes, placenta, lung/ basolateral
in epithelial cells
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G: lysinuric protein intolerance (LPI)
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14q11.2
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NM_003982
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SLC7A8
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LAT2
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[assoc. with 4F2hc]
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neutral
L-amino acids (large and small), BCH (system L)
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E (similar intra- and extracellular selectivities, lower
intracellular apparent affinity)
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small intestine, kidney, brain, placenta, ovary, testis,
skeletal muscle/ basolateral in epithelial cells
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-
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14q11.2
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NM_012244
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SLC7A9
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b0,+AT
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[assoc. with rBAT]
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cationic amino acids, large neutral amino acids (system
b0,+-like)
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E (preferentially extracellular cationic amino acid against
intracellular neutral amino acid)
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small intestine, kidney, lung, placenta, brain, liver/
apical in epithelial cells
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G: type B cystinuria (non-type I or type I phenotype)
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19q13.1
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NM_014270
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SLC7A10
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Asc-1
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[assoc. with 4F2hc]
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small neutral L- and
D-amino acids (Na+-indep.: system asc)
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preferentially E
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(human) brain, heart, placenta, skeletal muscle and kidney
(mouse) brain, lung, small intestine and placenta/ basolateral
in epithelial cells
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-
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19q12-13.1
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NM_019849
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SLC7A11
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xCT
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[assoc. with 4F2hc]
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cystine (anionic), L-glutamate
(system xc-)
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E (preferentially extracellular cystine against intracellular
glutamate)
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macrophages, brain, retinal pigment cells, liver, kidney/
basolateral in epithelial cells
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-
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4q28-q32
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NM_014331
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SLC7A13
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AGT-1
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XAT2
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L-aspartate and L-glutamate (Na+-indep. system)
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basolateral membrane of the proximal straight tubules and
distal convoluted tubules
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8q21.3
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NM_138817
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| SLC7A14 |
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KIAA1613 |
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3q26.2 |
NM_020949 |
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Slc7a?
(mouse)
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Slc7a12
(mouse)
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[assoc. with ?]
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small neutral L-amino acids (Na+-indep.: system
asc)
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F (E?)
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(mouse) kidney, placenta, spleen, lung and skeletal muscle/
plasma membrane, non-polarized
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-
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?
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(mouse
AB055005)
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Slc7a?
(mouse)
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Slc7a13
(mouse)
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XAT2
[assoc. with ?]
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L-Asp, L-Glu (not assigned to classical transport system)
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E or F?
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(mouse) kidney/ basolateral in kidney cells
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-
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8q21.2 (?)
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AJ417661
(mouse:
AB072352)
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*)
C: Cotransporter
E: Exchanger
F: Facilitated transporter
O: Orphan transporter
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#)
A: Acquired defect
G: Genetic defect
P: Pseudogene
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1 The terms ERR (ecotropic retrovirus
receptor) and REC1 (receptor, ecotropic) are only correct for
CAT-1 isoforms from mouse and closely related rodents, as CAT-1
from other mammalian species does not serve as a receptor for
ecotropic retroviruses. ATRC: amino acid transporter, cationic,
TEA: T cell early activation protein
2F CAT-1 is strongly trans-stimulated and works better
in the exchange mode, CAT-2B and CAT-3 are moderately trans-stimulated
and CAT-2A is completely independent of the presence of trans-substrate.
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